Multiparametric spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy: A review

During the last three decades, a series of key technological improvements turned atomic force microscopy (AFM) into a nanoscopic laboratory to directly observe and chemically characterise molecular and cell biological systems under physiological conditions. Published in Chemical Reviews, Daniel Müller and colleagues now review the advances in using AFM as an analytical tool to observe and quantify native biological systems from the micro- to the nanoscale.